A typical test point in the PMP exam is that there will be many similarities and differences in xx chart tools in the question options. Therefore, when we prepare for the PMP exam, it is best to do our own induction and summary, the following is a summary sample chapter on various diagram tools, for reference only.
At the beginning of this year, I changed my job and came to a new company. It is a private company. The company’s rules and regulations are very standard. There is a PMO company office. During the team work, people with PMO will come back to learn about the progress. And risk, especially in a quarterly upgrade. Before upgrading the version number, a relative change step is required, and the audit is allowed to be executed. In this link, I have come to study PMP certification .
As project management skills are often used in work, and project managers who need PMP qualifications are often seen in project bidding, they began to start this year’s PMP learning process.
At the beginning, I searched for relevant PMP training institutions on Google, such as the teaching quality of the training institutions, the exam pass rate and the training methods, etc. It is really dazzling to people. Which training institution should I choose? I haven’t thought about it. Later, through communication with friends, I learned about a more reliable training organization, SPOTO.
Although there is only 3 months of study time, I think it is also one of the important nodes in my life. Around this exam, I have been preparing for the exam for three months. Also based on the knowledge I learned in the PMP training, I made further improvements and amendments to my life and career plan.
After three months of hard work, I successfully passed the PMP exam in September. The PMP exam preparation is temporary, but the ability is lasting. Not only did I get the PMP certification, but more importantly, I learned a lot of knowledge and provided me with a new set of thinking models.
First of all, let me talk about the whole learning process. I also encountered several problems. I believe that you may also encounter them. There are mainly the following three points:
First, is PMP certification useful?
PMP is the theoretical basis. The key is whether it can be integrated into actual work. If it cannot be combined with reality, it can only be regarded as nominal. From my personal experience, if integrated into the project, it will slowly affect your way of thinking and Behavioral mode, its role is subtle and critical.
Second, is it difficult to study and test?
In fact, it’s hard to say that it’s not that hard and it’s not that hard to say that it’s not that hard and it’s not that hard. Where is the difficulty, I think the main thing is to persist, and then persist, how to make full use of the fragmented time to learn. It is not difficult to follow the Gantt chart study plan sent by the teacher; if you can’t stick to it, it will be more difficult to pass the PMP exam.
1, control chart: monitor whether the process is stable, whether it has predictable performance, and solve the problem when it has not yet occurred. You need to pay attention to the meaning of the average, control limit, and specification limit in the control chart. The upper and lower limits of the control are generally set to ± 3 sigma. Situations where the process is out of control include data points outside the control limits, and the seven-point rule (seven consecutive points above or below the average, or seven points moving in the same direction (higher or lower) indicates that the process is out of control), and the data points are unqualified for quality outside the specification boundaries and need to be reworked or redone. That is, exceeding the specification limit indicates that there is a problem with the product quality; exceeding the control limit but not exceeding the specification limit, the product quality is not a problem, but it means that the process is out of control. From the perspective of the exam, the role of the control chart is as follows:
(1) Before the problem has occurred, find the hidden danger to solve;
(2) It can eliminate the concerns of relevant parties about quality;
(3) You can monitor the status of the process and add new variables.
2, Pareto diagram: special histogram (using the number or frequency of problems or causes as the vertical coordinate, the type of problems or causes as the abscissa), sorted by frequency, priority list of problems that need to be solved, in line with the principle of two eight (80% of the problems are caused by 20% of the causes).
For the keywords of the title “sort”, “first”, “first”, “most important”, select the Pareto chart. Due to limited time, all problems cannot be solved, only key problems can be solved. Pareto diagrams are used to identify the main contradictions in numbers, to discover the causes of the largest number of defects (i.e., to identify the significant causes of most problems).
3. Scatter plot: Determine whether there is a relationship between two variables to estimate how changes in the independent variable will affect the value of the dependent variable. It is usually on a two-dimensional quadrant (usually X-abscissa and Y-axis) to see if the data points are near the diagonal. For example, two variables are positively correlated, negatively correlated, or nonlinearly correlated (nonlinear correlation generally associative regression curves, i.e. regression lines)
4. Matrix diagram: Show the strength of the relationship between factors, causes and goals in the position where the rows and columns intersect.
5. Affinity diagram: The causes of potential defects can be classified to show the areas that should be most concerned. The general associative brainstorming method is to apply affinity diagrams to group innovative thoughts or ideas that emanate from brainstorming.
6. Flow chart: find the cause or source of the problem through process analysis, and estimate the quality cost through the logical branch of the workflow and its relative frequency. It can also be used to identify risk processes and analyze the causes of risks. If you choose a flowchart in the exam, there will usually be words such as “process”, “procedure” and “process” in the stem, which can be judged to be used to estimate the cost of quality.
7, causal diagram: Ishikawa diagram, Why-why analysis diagram, fishbone diagram, find the root cause of the problem, can also be used to identify the risk process, analyze the cause of risk. Causal diagrams (fishbone diagrams) and flowcharts are both quality management tools and risk management tools.
8. Impact map: a certain situation of the project is expressed as a series of entities and outcomes of the interaction relationship, such as the interaction between risk and project goals. Impact diagrams are tools for quantitative risk analysis, not quality management, as distinct from causal diagrams (fishbone diagrams) and flowcharts.
Impact maps can be used to analyze the cause, but not just for one problem. Typically in an impact graph, there are usually multiple causes and multiple effects. This is different from the causal diagram, which can visually show the direct connection of various causes to a problem. So in the causal diagram, there must be multiple causes corresponding to a result.
